Mutational (genetic) robustness is phenotypic constancy in the face of mutational changes to the genome.Robustness is RUG critical to the understanding of evolution because phenotypically expressed genetic variation is the fuel of natural selection.Nonetheless, the evidence for adaptive evolution of mutational robustness in biological populations i
In this paper, the three-dimensional sphere packing problem is solved by using a dichotomous search-based heuristic.An instance of the problem is defined by a set of $ n $ unequal spheres and an object of fixed width and height and, unlimited length.Each sphere is characterized by its radius and the aim of the problem is to INTENSE TREATMENT optimi
This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of local and concurrent commutation failure (CF) of multi-infeed high-voltage direct current KNIT TOPS3/4 SLVTURTLENECK (HVDC) system considering multi-infeed interaction factor (MIIF).The literature indicates that the local CF is not influenced by MIIF, whereas this paper concludes that both the local C
Tujuan penelitian adalah melakukan evaluasi dampak kebijakan fiskal daerah terhadap kinerja perekonomian dan kinerja makro ekonomi pertanian.Model yang digunakan adalah model ekonometrika, yaitu dengan membangun dan mengestimasi sistem Pepper persamaan simultan yang terdiri atas 42 persamaan.Selanjutnya dilakukan simulasi untuk memunculkan skenario
BackgroundApoptosis regulates normal development, homeostasis, immune tolerance and response to environmental stress by eliminating unwanted or diseased cells, and plays a key role in non-specific immunity of invertebrates.The exogenous pathway mediated by death receptors and death ligands is a very important pathway for cell apoptosis.Death ligand